An Analysis of Poás’ Unusual Activity and Its Implications for Costa Rica
Introduction
Poás Volcano, one of Costa Rica’s most impressive natural icons, has fascinated scientists, tourists, and locals for generations with its majesty and smoking crater. Located in the province of Alajuela within Poás Volcano National Park, this giant has witnessed numerous episodes of activity throughout its history. However, in recent days, its behavior has caught the attention of experts and authorities due to unusual volcanic activity.
Understanding these phenomena is crucial not only for the scientific community but also for the safety of nearby populations and the tourism sector. What is really happening with Poás? What are the impacts, and what measures are being taken?
Unusual Activity: What Is Happening?
Since early March 2025, Poás Volcano has experienced a series of events that have raised its alert level. Among the recorded phenomena are:
- Phreatic eruptions, expelling columns of gas and ash over 300 meters above the crater.
- Increased seismic activity, with constant volcanic tremors indicating greater activity within.
- Gradual disappearance of the crater lake, increasing the risk of explosive eruptions.
According to the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica (OVSICORI-UNA), these changes reflect anomalous behavior that requires continuous monitoring. Compared to its usual activity—where gas emissions and light exhalations are common—recent events have raised concern.
OVSICORI has elevated the volcano’s alert level from “warning” to “caution” (level 3 on a scale of 4), indicating a latent risk of larger eruptions.
Impact on the Region
The increase in Poás’ activity has led to various environmental, social, and economic effects.
- Nearby Communities: The National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Response (CNE) has declared a green alert in the region, warning residents about possible ash and gas emissions.
- National Park Closure: As a precautionary measure, the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) has restricted access to the volcano’s main viewpoint and temporarily closed some trails, including the one leading to Botos Lagoon.
- Impact on Tourism: Poás typically attracts thousands of tourists each month, but its temporary closure could lead to reduced income for tour operators and local businesses.
Expert Opinions
OVSICORI volcanologists note that this type of activity is part of the natural cycle of an active volcano like Poás. However, they warn that the disappearance of the crater lake could increase the likelihood of explosive eruptions.
“The presence of water in the crater helps dissipate gas pressure. Without the lake, energy buildup could trigger more violent eruptions,” explains Dr. Javier Pacheco, a volcanologist at OVSICORI.
Meanwhile, geologist Guillermo Alvarado points out that although Poás has had historically significant eruptions, constant monitoring allows authorities to take preventive measures in time to avoid high-risk situations.
History and Significance of Poás
Poás Volcano has played a key role in Costa Rica’s geological and cultural history. Its eruptions have been documented since the 19th century, with significant episodes in 1910, 1953, 2017, and now in 2025.
Beyond its geological impact, Poás is a symbol of tourism and biodiversity in the country. Its ecosystem is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, while its crater has been one of the main tourist attractions, offering an impressive view of one of the world’s largest calderas.
Recommendations for Visitors
Although access to the volcano is currently restricted, once it is safe to visit, it is advisable to follow these precautions:
- Check official sources: Before planning a visit, check updates from OVSICORI, SINAC, and CNE.
- Wear protective gear: During periods of moderate activity, the park requires visitors to wear safety helmets.
- Avoid gas exposure: Sulfur dioxide emissions can be hazardous, so it is recommended not to stay at the viewpoint longer than permitted.
Poás Volcano, with its power and mystery, reminds us of nature’s immense force and our responsibility to coexist with it respectfully. These events invite us to reflect on the importance of preparation and respect for the natural processes that shape our world.
Beyond the immediate impact, this volcanic activity serves as a reminder of Costa Rica’s geological richness and the need to protect and study these phenomena for the well-being of future generations.
For more information and updates on Poás’ activity, we invite you to follow People of Costa Rica, where we will continue reporting on this and other events shaping the country’s history.
